Riichi-Mahjong almanach
Japanische Terminologie im Riichi Mahjong
Here you can find a list of japanese terminology used in Riichi mahjong.You'll find for the japanese pronounciation, the Kanji/Kana and the english translation plus description.
The first chart gives a general overview while the second one gives deeper knowledge over advanced terminology.
| japanese reading | Kanji/Kana | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Agari | 和がり | winning a hand with Ron-Agari or Tsumo-Agari |
| Chunchanhai | 中張牌 | tiles from 2 - 8 |
| Haiyama | 牌山 | tile wall |
| Jantō | 雀頭 | end pair |
| Kantsu | 槓子 | quadruplet |
| Kazehai | 風牌 | wind tile |
| Ko | 子 | non-dealer (south-, west- und north wind); lit.: child |
| Koutsu | 刻子 | triplet |
| Manzu | 萬子 | presentation of numbers 1 - 9 plus the kanji 萬 (man) for 10.000; also known as 'character' |
| Mentsu | 面子 | finished set (Shuntsu, Kōtsu, Kantsu and Jantō) |
| Oya | 親 | dealer (east wind); lit.: parents |
| Pinzu | 筒子 | presentation of single chinese coins; also known as circles or rings |
| Rōtōhai | 老頭牌 | tiles 1 and 9 |
| Sangenpai | 三元牌 | dragon tiles |
| Shuntsu | 順子 | street of three tiles |
| Souzu | 索子 | prasentation of 100 threaded chinese coins; also known as bambou |
| Wanpai | 王牌 | dead wall lit.: king tiles |
| Yaochūhai | 幺九牌 | tiles from 1 - 9 |
| Japanese pronounciation | Kana/Kanji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Aidayonken | 間四軒 | Inteval between four tiles that could indicate a dangerous wait inbetween. |
| Agarihouki | 和がり放棄 | lit.: win renunciation, also known as "dead hand". Prohibits calls and winning. If done, a chombo is invoked as penalty. |
| Akahai | 赤牌 | Red dora tiles, mostly red 5 of the suits, but also red 3 and 7 are known. |
| Akuukansappou | 亜空間殺法 | Technique to change the flow of the game in occult mahjong through calls |
| An | 暗 | Prefix for concealed mentsu in the hand. lit.: dark |
| Anjun | 暗順 | Closed shuntsu |
| Ankan | 暗槓 | Closed kantsu. Called but still counted closed. |
| Ankou | 暗刻 | Closed koutsu. |
| Anpai | 安牌 | Safe tile e. g. because of someones in furiten. |
| Aotenjou | 青天井 | No point limits. Points are awarded as mathematically calculated. |
| Ari ari | アリアリ | Kuitan and atozuke allowed |
| Ari nashi | アリナシ | With kuitan, no atozuke |
| Ashidome | 足止め | Hinder players in advancing their hand e. g. with Riichi declaration |
| Atamahane | 頭跳ね | Only one ron allowed at a time. If multiple wins existing, the next one in order for drawing wins. |
| Atozuke | 後付け | Allows winning with a yakuless hand, when the winning tiles gives the yaku |
| Awaseuchi | 合わせ打ち | Discard of the same tile as kamicha to make use of temporary furiten |
| Bagime | 場決め | Determination of seating |
| Ba | 場 | lit.: place. Name of the actual round like Tonba or Nanba for east and south round |
| Bakaze | 場風 | wind of the round |
| Bazoro | 場ゾロ | Two extra hand added by default in case of win. Little outdated |
| Betaori | ベタ降り | Main term for defensive strategies |
| Chii | チー | Call to claim a minjun from the pond of kamicha |
| Chiicha | 起家 | First oya in the game |
| Chiicha maaku | 起家マーク | Wind marker |
| Chonbo/Chombo | 冲合 | Penalty given for e. g. yakuless hand or winning whilst furiten |
| Chonchon | チョンチョン | Picking of the 13th and 14th by oya |
| Daburon | ダブロン | Double ron |
| Dahai | 打牌 | Discarding a tile |
| Damaten | 黙聴 | Silent tenpai |
| Digital Mahjong (Dejitaru Maajan) | デジタル麻雀 | Play style that relies on statistics and probabilities |
| Dorahyoujihai | ドラ表示牌 | Dora indicator tile |
| Doujunnai Furiten | 同巡内フリテン | Temporary furiten |
| Fu | 符 | Mini points for calculating hands with less then 5 han |
| Furikomi | 振り込み | Deal into someones hand |
| Furiten | 振聴 | Tenpai on a tile(s) that have been already discarded and thus cannot be claimed for a win. Only Tsumo is possible |
| Fuutei | 副底 | Basic 20 fu points that are rewarded when a hand is won |
| Genbutsu | 現物 | see "Anpai" |
| Haipai | 配牌 | Draw of starting tiles |
| Haiteihai | 海底牌 | Last tile in the living wall. lit.: Tile at the bottom of the sea |
| Haiyama | 牌山 | The wall |
| Han | 飜 | Value of the yaku. Each han gives roughly a doubling of the points |
| Hanchan | 半荘 | One complete round of Riichi consisting of east and south round |
| Honba | 本場 | Bonus round after renchan or ryuukyoku. Indicated with 100-point tenbou called tsumibou |
| Houjuu | 放銃 | see "Furikomi" |
| Houra | 和了 | Wiining a hand, see"Agari" |
| Houteihai | 河底牌 | Last discarded tile, lit.: tile at the bottom of the pond |
| Ikasama | イカサマ | Cheating |
| Jihai | 字牌 | Overall term for sangenpai and kazehai, see "Tsuuhai" |
| Jikaze | 自風 | Ones own seat wind |
| Jun | 巡 | drawing turn, e. g. 東一局１２巡目 (first east round, 12th draw) |
| Kabe | 壁 | Term for tiles, where all four of them are visible to a player. Allows determination for impossible waits |
| Kamicha | 上家 | Player to the left |
| Kan | カン | Call to complete an ankan, dai- and shominkan |
| Kandorahyoujihai | カンドラ表示牌 | kan dora indicator tile |
| Karagiri | 空切り | Discard of the same tile from the hand as the one been drawn |
| Kariton | 仮東 | Temporary east in traditional japanese bagime |
| Kazehai | 風牌 | Wind tiles |
| Keishikitenpai | 形式聴牌 | Tenpai form without any yaku at ryuukyoku |
| Kikenhai | 危険牌 | Dangerous tiles |
| Kiru | 切る | Discarding a tile, see "Dahai" |
| Kuikae | 喰い替え | Allows calling a tile for a mentsu and discarding the same or the one from the other end of a shuntsu e. g. Chii on 5 for 567, discarding of 8. Not allowed in EMA rule set |
| Kuisagari | 喰い下がり | Yaku, that decreases by one han, when opened |
| Kuitan | 喰い断 | Open tanyao |
| Kyoku | 局 | Round, e. g. first east round |
| Kyoutaku | 供託 | Riichi bet deposits from Ryuukyoku, that will be awarded to the player who wins the following hand |
| Machi | 待ち | Wait in ones tenpai hand |
| Mawashiuchi | 回し打ち | Playing safe while still aming for a win |
| Menzen | 門前 | Completely concealed hand |
| Min | 明 | lit.: shining/visible. Prefix for open mentsu |
| Minjun | 明順 | Open shuntsu |
| Minkou | 明刻 | Open koutsu |
| Naki | 鳴き | Term for claiming a discard via the calls pon, kan and chii |
| Nan | 南 | South |
| Ninaki | 二鳴き | Calling of the tile discarded a second time without claiming the first |
| No Ten | ノー聴 | Not tenpai |
| No Ten Bappu | ノー聴罰符 | Penalty players pay in no-ten to those in tenpai |
| No Ten Riichi | ノー聴リーチ | Riichi declaration without beeing in tenpai. Invokes a chombo |
| Okkult Mahjong (Okaruto Maajan) | オカルト麻雀 | Play style that describes mahjong as a game where demons and luck influences the flow of the game. |
| Oikake Riichi | 追いかけリーチ | Pursuing riichi after someone already declared riichi |
| Okurikan | 送り槓 | Kantsu included in a mentsu |
| Oorasu (All last) | オーラス | Last round in a hanchan |
| Otakaze | 客風 | Not the round nor the own wind |
| Pao | 包 | Term for beeing responsible by payment for completing an obvious yakuman like Daisangen or Dai-(Sho)Suushii |
| Pei | 北 | North |
| Pon | ポン | Call to claim a discard to form a minkou |
| Renchan | 連荘 | Consecutive oya positin after oya wins or ryuukyoku |
| Riichi | リーチ | Declaration of tenpai with 1000 points bet. Hand cannot be changed anymore |
| Riipai | 理牌 | Sorting of haipai |
| Rinshanpai | 嶺上牌 | Replacemant tile drawn after kantsu declaration |
| Ron | 栄 | Winning on a discard |
| Ryuukyoku | 流局 | Drawn game |
| Sakizuke | 先付け | Hand has to fulfill a yaku before a win declaration is valid. Opposite of "atozuke" |
| Saikoro | 骰子 | Dice |
| Sashikomi | 差し込み | Deal in a hand on purpose |
| Shaa | 西 | West |
| Shanten | 向聴 | Count until tenpai is reached |
| Shibori | 絞り | Clinging on tile that could be useful for opponents |
| Shimocha | 下家 | Player on the right side |
| Shonpai | 生牌 | Tile that has not been discarded once in a round |
| Suji | 筋 | lit.: "muscle". Reading strategies for tiles that could complete ryanmen waits |
| Suteru | 捨てる | Discarding a tile |
| Suupai | 数牌 | Number tiles |
| Tenpai | 聴牌 | Waiting hand |
| Toimen | 対面 | Opponent on the opposite side of the table |
| Ton | 東 | East |
| Tonpuusen | 東風戦 | East round |
| Tsumo | 自摸 | Taking a tile from the wall or call to declare a win on self draw |
| Tsumogiri | ツモ切り | Discarding the tile just drawn |
| Uradorahyoujihai | 裏ドラ表示牌 | Dora tile indicator under the normal indicator tile. Accessible via win with riichi declaration |
| Utsu | 打つ | Discarding a tile |
| Wareme | 割れ目 | Double the amount of points won/lost for the player sitting in front of the wall that has been split |
| Yakitori | 焼き鳥 | Term for players, that did not win a single hand in a hanchan. Usually penalties have to be paid. |
| Yaku | 役 | Requirement to have a valid hand |
| Zentsuppa | 全ツッパ | Winning at all cost without giving thoughts to discard into another players hand |
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